QUESTION: What is ellagic acid and in what foods does it naturally occur ? ANSWER: Ellagic acid/ ellagitannin is an antioxidant and phenolic acid found in strawberries, raspberries, pomegranates, other fruits and vegetables, and some nuts. Its been in the news due to studies which refer to its anticarcinogenic properties and general antioxidant benefits. Some [...]
The Influence of Physical Training on Immune Function
by Joseph Sale on August 24, 2009 in Strength and Conditioning
QUESTION: Does my training frequency have any potential influence on immune function ? ANSWER: Absolutely. Everyone is biochemically unique to some degree so training frequency and other training variables have different influences on different individuals.Training frequency, intensity, duration, volume etc all have the potential to affect immune function. All types of physical training have the potential [...]
Scottsdale Nutritionist Health Education Series / Understanding the Human Need for Vitamins and Minerals
by Joseph Sale on August 17, 2009 in Nutrition
Vitamins and minerals are not manufactured in the human body or by the human body therefore we need to consume them from food or nutritional supplementation. I include nutritional supplementation because it is a generally recognized that the food supply today does not provide the full spectrum of micronutrients, including vitamins and minerals, in sufficient quantities [...]
You Don’t Pack on Muscle in the Gym
by Joseph Sale on August 14, 2009 in Strength and Conditioning
That’s right. What you are doing in the gym is beginning a process where the potential to put on muscle and increase functional strength exists. However, if you don’t manage the other significant variables you won’t get optimum results. My point here is that your workout in the gym or other strength and conditioning work you’re doing, [...]
Good Sources of Vitamin D
by Joseph Sale on August 12, 2009 in Nutrition
QUESTION: I’ve noticed recent articles addressing the health benefits of Vitamin D. What are a few good sources of Vitamin D ? ANSWER: Sunlight is an important source of Vitamin D which is often overlooked. In essence your body creates Vitamin D through exposure to sunlight. Since Vitamin D is synthesized in the human body, it is [...]
Explaining Chronological Age and Biological Age
by Joseph Sale on August 11, 2009 in Human Performance, Nutrition, Strength and Conditioning
QUESTION: Would you explain chronological age, biological age, and their significance? ANSWER: Chronological age is simply your age in years. Biological age is your age at a cellular level. These two numbers are not necessarily the same. Lifestyle factors such as nutrition / food choices, exercise, nutritional supplementation, antioxidant status, stress, and stress perception among others impact [...]
Get Results in the Gym on a Tight Schedule
by Joseph Sale on August 10, 2009 in Strength and Conditioning
QUESTION: With my busy schedule what’s the best use of my time in the gym in order to get results ? ANSWER: The short answer is compound movements. Allow me to provide a definition. Compound movements are exercises involving 2 or more joints. Examples are the bench press which involves the shoulder and elbow and lunges [...]
Scottsdale Nutritionist, Joseph Sale, CNS, CSCS, Discusses ORAC
by Joseph Sale on August 9, 2009 in Nutrition
I’ve had some questions concerning ORAC value recently so I’ll address them briefly at this time. ORAC stands for Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity. It’s a method of measuring the antioxidant value or power of a given fruit, vegetable, herb, supplement, or food. A higher ORAC value is representative of greater free radical squelching capacity. Keep in mind [...]
Performance Nutrition for Cyclists
by Joseph Sale on August 8, 2009 in Nutrition
Moderate to high mileage cycling, and sprint cycling as well puts great demands on the human body. To hit your best personal times consistently, improve upon them, and keep you body healthy, pay attention to your food intake and nutritional supplementation. Since cycling burns significant calories its easy not to focus on nutrition. However if [...]
Paying Attention to Your Water and Hydration Needs
by Joseph Sale on August 8, 2009 in Nutrition
The importance of proper hydration cannot be over emphasized. 70% of this planet is covered with water. 70% of your body is made up of water. What do you think it’s important to consume in significant quantity on a daily basis ? Water. Paying attention to hydration on a daily basis has a positive influence [...]

